preVIEW: COVID-19

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MeSH Disease

Cardiomyopathies (58)

COVID-19 (57)

Hypertension (14)

Heart Diseases (14)

Coronavirus Infections (13)


HGNC Genes

C-reactive protein (8)

interleukin 6 (5)

angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (5)

C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (3)

tumor necrosis factor (2)


SARS-CoV-2 proteins

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    Clomipramine suppresses ACE2 HGNC-mediated SARS-CoV-2 entry MESHD

    Authors: Yuri Kato; Shigeru Yamada; Kazuhiro Nishiyama; Ayano Satsuka; Suyong Re; Daiki Tomokiyo; Jae Man Lee; Tomohiro Tanaka; Akiyuki Nishimura; Kenzo Yonemitsu; Hiroshi Asakura; Yuko Ibuki; Yumiko Imai; Noriho Kamiya; Kenji Mizuguchi; Takahiro Kusakabe; Yasunari Kanda; Motohiro Nishida

    doi:10.1101/2021.03.13.435221 Date: 2021-03-14 Source: bioRxiv

    Myocardial damage caused by the newly emerged coronavirus ( SARS-CoV-2) infection MESHD is one of key determinants of COVID-19 MESHD severity and mortality. SARS-CoV-2 entry to host cells are initiated by binding with its receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 HGNC, and the ACE2 HGNC abundance is thought to reflect the susceptibility to infection. Here, we found that clomipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant, potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD and metabolic disorder MESHD in human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes. Among 13 approved drugs that we have previously identified as potential inhibitor of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity MESHD, clomipramine showed the best potency to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 spike PROTEIN glycoprotein pseudovirus-stimulated ACE2 HGNC internalization. Indeed, SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD to human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes (iPS-CMs) and TMPRSS2 HGNC-expressing VeroE6 cells were dramatically suppressed even after treatment with clomipramine. Furthermore, the combined use of clomipramine and remdesivir was revealed to synergistically suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD. Our results will provide the potentiality of clomipramine for the breakthrough treatment of severe COVID-19 MESHD.

    CD47 HGNC as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of severe COVID-19 MESHD

    Authors: Katie-May McLaughlin; Denisa Bojkova; Marco Bechtel; Joshua Kandler; Philipp Reus; Trang Le; Julian UG Wagner; Sandra Ciesek; Mark N Wass; Martin Michaelis; Jindrich N Cinatl Jr.

    doi:10.1101/2021.03.01.433404 Date: 2021-03-01 Source: bioRxiv

    The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic MESHD. Most SARS-CoV-2 infections MESHD SARS-CoV-2 infections MESHD are mild or even asymptomatic. However, a small fraction of infected MESHD individuals develops severe, life-threatening disease, which is caused by an uncontrolled immune response resulting in hyperinflammation. Antiviral interventions are only effective prior to the onset of hyperinflammation. Hence, biomarkers are needed for the early identification and treatment of high-risk patients. Here, we show in a range of model systems and data from post mortem samples that SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD results in increased levels of CD47 HGNC, which is known to mediate immune escape in cancer MESHD and virus-infected cells. Systematic literature searches also indicated that known risk factors such as older age and diabetes MESHD are associated with increased CD47 HGNC levels. High CD47 HGNC levels contribute to vascular disease MESHD, vasoconstriction, and hypertension MESHD, conditions which may predispose SARS-CoV-2-infected MESHD individuals to COVID-19 MESHD-related complications such as pulmonary hypertension MESHD, lung fibrosis MESHD, myocardial injury MESHD, stroke MESHD, and acute kidney injury MESHD. Hence, CD47 HGNC is a candidate biomarker for severe COVID-19 MESHD. Further research will have to show whether CD47 HGNC is a reliable diagnostic marker for the early identification of COVID-19 MESHD patients requiring antiviral therapy.

    A cannabinoid receptor agonist shows anti-inflammatory and survival properties in human SARS-CoV-2-infected iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes MESHD

    Authors: Luiz Guilherme H.S. Aragao; Julia T Oliveira; Jairo R Temerozo; Mayara A Mendes; Jose Alexandre Salerno; Carolina da S. G. Pedrosa; Teresa Puig-Pijuan; Carla Verissimo; Isis M Ornelas; Thayana Torquato; Gabriela Vitoria; Carolina Q. Sacramento; Natalia Fintelman-Rodrigues; Suelen da Silva Gomes Dias; Vinicius Cardoso Soares; Leticia R. Q. Souza; Karina Karmirian; Livia Goto-Silva; Diogo Biagi; Estela M. Cruvinel; Rafael Dariolli; Daniel R. Furtado; Patricia T. Bozza; Helena L. Borges; Thiago Moreno L. Souza; Marilia Zaluar P. Guimaraes; Stevens Rehen

    doi:10.1101/2021.02.20.431855 Date: 2021-02-21 Source: bioRxiv

    Coronavirus disease 2019 MESHD ( COVID-19 MESHD) is caused by acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 MESHD (SARS-CoV-2), which can infect several organs and lead to loss of vital organ function, especially impacting respiratory capacity. Among the extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 MESHD is myocardial injury MESHD, caused both directly and indirectly by SARS-CoV-2, and which is associated with a high risk of mortality. One of the hallmarks of severe COVID-19 MESHD is the "cytokine storm", at which point the immune system malfunctions, leading to possible organ failure MESHD and death MESHD. Cannabinoids are known to have anti-inflammatory properties by negatively modulating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Herein, we investigated the effects of the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) on SARS-CoV-2-infected MESHD human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Although WIN did not modulate angiotensin-converting enzyme II, nor reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD and replication in hiPSC-CMs at the conditions tested, it had anti-inflammatory and protective effects by reducing the levels of interleukins 6, 8,18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha HGNC tumor necrosis factor-alpha MESHD ( TNF HGNC-) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in these cells without causing hypertrophic cardiac damage MESHD. These findings suggest that cannabinoids should be further investigated as an alternative therapeutic tool for the treatment of COVID-19 MESHD. HighlightsO_LIHuman iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) express CB1 HGNC receptor. C_LIO_LIThe cannabinoid receptor agonist, WIN 55,212-2 (WIN), does not influence SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD in hiPSC-CMs. C_LIO_LIWIN reduces inflammation MESHD and death MESHD in SARS-CoV-2-infected hiPSC-CMs MESHD. C_LI

    The Prognostic Value of Myocardial Injury MESHD in COVID-19 MESHD Patients and Associated Characteristics

    Authors: jian he; Bicheng Zhang; Quan Zhou; Wenjing Yang; Jing Xu; Tingting Liu; Haijun Zhang; Zhiyong Wu; Dong Li; Qing Zhou; Jie Yan; Cuizhen Zhang; Robert G. Weiss; Guanshu Liu; Zhongzhao Teng; Arlene Sirajuddin; Haiyan Qian; Shihua Zhao; Andrew E. Arai; Minjie Lu; Xiaoyang Zhou

    doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-251810/v1 Date: 2021-02-17 Source: ResearchSquare

    Background: Since December 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 MESHD ( COVID-19 MESHD) has emerged as an international pandemic. COVID-19 MESHD patients with myocardial injury MESHD might need special attention. However, understanding on this aspect remains unclear. This study aimed to illustrate clinical characteristics and the prognostic value of myocardial injury MESHD to COVID-19 MESHD patients. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study finally included 304 hospitalized COVID-19 MESHD cases confirmed by real-time RT-PCR from January 11 to March 25, 2020. Myocardial injury MESHD was determined by serum high-sensitivity troponin I (Hs-TnI). The primary endpoint was COVID-19 MESHD associated mortality. Results: Of 304 COVID-19 MESHD patients (median age, 65 years; 52.6% males), 88 patients (27.3%) died (61 patients with myocardial injury MESHD, 27 patients without myocardial injury MESHD on admission). COVID-19 MESHD patients with myocardial injury MESHD had more comorbidities ( hypertension MESHD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease MESHD, cardiovascular disease MESHD, and cerebrovascular disease MESHD); lower lymphocyte counts, higher C-reactive protein HGNC ( CRP HGNC, median, 84.9 vs 28.5 mg/L, p<0.001), procalcitonin levels (median, 0.29 vs 0.06 ng/ml, p<0.001), inflammatory and immune response markers; more frequent need for noninvasive ventilation, invasive mechanical ventilation; and was associated with higher mortality incidence (hazard ratio, HR=7.02, 95% confidence interval, CI, 4.45-11.08, p<0.001) than those without myocardial injury MESHD. Myocardial injury MESHD (HR=4.55, 95% CI, 2.49-8.31, p<0.001), senior age, CRP HGNC levels, and novel coronavirus pneumonia MESHD ( NCP PROTEIN) types on admission were independent predictors to mortality in COVID-19 MESHD patients. Conclusions: COVID patients with myocardial injury MESHD on admission is associated with more severe clinical presentation and biomarkers. Myocardial injury MESHD and higher HsTNI are both strongest independent predictors to COVID related mortality after adjusting confounding factors. In addition, senior age, CRP HGNC levels and NCP PROTEIN types are also associated with mortality. Trial registration: Not applicable.

    Evaluation the relationship of left ventricular global longitudinal strain and laboratory parameters in discharged patients with COVID-19 MESHD: A follow-up study

    Authors: Derya BAYKIZ; Elif AYDUK GOVDELI; Pelin KARACA OZER; Ekrem Bilal KARAAYVAZ; Yunus CATMA; Alpay MEDETALIBEYOGLU; Atahan CAGATAY; Berrin UMMAN; Tufan TUKEK; Zehra BUGRA

    doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-233011/v1 Date: 2021-02-11 Source: ResearchSquare

    Background The novel coronavirus infection MESHD ( COVID-19 MESHD) disease has spread rapidly and posed a great threat to global public health. The laboratory parameters and clinical outcomes of the disease in discharged patients remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the laboratory and echocardiographic findings of patients with COVID-19 MESHD after discharge and the relation between left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and inflammatory parameters in discharged patients.Methods A total of 75 patients recovering from COVID-19 MESHD as the study group were prospectively recruited from the COVID-19 MESHD outpatient clinic for their follow-up visits at a median 6 months after discharge. Patients were classified into groups according to pneumonia MESHD severity and impairment in LVGLS. Laboratory findings of patients both at admission and after discharge were evaluated and the relation with pneumonia MESHD severity at admission and LVGLS after discharge were analyzed.Results Serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) levels after discharge were significantly higher in the study group than the control group (n = 44). Ferritin was found to be related to pneumonia MESHD severity. Serum ferritin and LDH values after discharge were significantly higher in patients with impaired LVGLS than those with preserved. There was a significant correlation between LVGLS, serum ferritin and LDH values after discharge (r = -0.252, p = 0.012; r = -0.268, p = 0.005, respectively).Conclusions Clinicians should pay close attention to the serum ferritin and LDH levels in discharged patients for predicting the severity of COVID-19 MESHD disease and early identification of subclinical left ventricular myocardial dysfunction MESHD.

    Clinical Characteristics of Severe COVID-19 MESHD in China: A Case Series and Meta-analysis

    Authors: Geling Teng; Hua Hu; Xia Wang; Junsheng Wang; Hongmei Zhang; Ying Chen

    doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-186426/v1 Date: 2021-01-29 Source: ResearchSquare

    Background: There have been inconsistent reports regarding the unique manifestations of severe coronavirus disease 2019 MESHD ( COVID-19 MESHD) occurring in China. This study analyzed the clinical manifestation of 13 severe COVID-19 MESHD cases at a single institution and compared the data to previously reported characteristics of severe COVID-19 MESHD in China. Methods: This retrospective case study included patients with severe COVID-19 MESHD who were admitted to the isolation ward of the Shandong Chest Hospital from January 2020 to February 2020. The clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory examination results, imaging features, treatment strategies, and patient prognoses were summarized. A database search was then conducted for studies published through December 2020 documenting characteristics of severe COVID-19 MESHD cases in China. The pooled results for severe COVID-19 MESHD patients in China were calculated by using the random-effects model.Results: A total of 4 severe and 9 critical patients were included from Shandong Chest Hospital. The average patient age was 55.3 (range 23-88) years, and 61.5% of patients were male. Chest computed tomography for all patients showed multiple lesions as ground-glass shadows in both lungs. All patients presented bacterial infection MESHD and various degrees of liver and myocardial injury MESHD. The treatment strategies for patients included antibiotics, immunoglobulin, and glucocorticoids, and mechanical ventilation was used in all patients for respiratory failure MESHD. Two patients died, and 11 recovered. In the pooled data for severe COVID-19 MESHD patients, the most common comorbidities were hypertension MESHD, diabetes mellitus MESHD, and coronary heart disease MESHD. The common signs in these patients were fever MESHD, cough MESHD, fatigue MESHD, chest tightness MESHD, and a leukocyte count > 10. Conclusions: Older males with hypertension MESHD, diabetes mellitus MESHD, and coronary heart disease MESHD may be at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 MESHD. Patients should be assessed for concomitant bacterial infections MESHD. Cardiac and liver enzymes, fever MESHD, cough MESHD, fatigue MESHD, chest tightness MESHD, and leukocytosis MESHD should be monitored for signs of disease progression. 

    Findings from Cardiovascular Evaluation of NCAA Division I Collegiate Student-Athletes after Asymptomatic or Mildly Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection MESHD

    Authors: Calvin E Hwang; Andrea Kussman; Jeffrey W Christle; Victor Froelicher; Matthew T Wheeler; Kegan J Moneghetti

    doi:10.1101/2021.01.07.21249407 Date: 2021-01-08 Source: medRxiv

    ObjectivesThe risk of myocardial damage MESHD after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection MESHD has been controversial. There is an urgent need for data to support the appropriate level of cardiovascular screening for safe return-to-play. The purpose of this study is to report the incidence of abnormal cardiovascular MESHD findings in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I student-athletes with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD. MethodsThis is a case series of student-athletes at a single NCAA Division I institution who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or antibody testing (IgG) from 4/15/2020 to 10/31/2020. From 452 athletes who were screened, 5,124 PCR and 452 antibody tests were completed. Student-athletes were followed through 12/31/2020 (median 104 days, range 64-182 days). Cardiac work-up included clinical evaluation, troponin level, electrocardiogram (ECG), and echocardiogram. Additional work-up was ordered as clinically indicated. Results55 student-athletes tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Of these, 38 (69%) had symptoms of Coronavirus Disease MESHD ( COVID-19 MESHD), 14 (26%) had a positive IgG test, and 41 (74%) had a positive PCR test. Eight abnormal cardiovascular screening evaluations necessitated further testing including cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI). Two athletes received new cardiac diagnoses, one probable early cardiomyopathy MESHD and one pericarditis MESHD, while the remaining six had normal cardiac MRIs. ConclusionThese data support recent publications which recommend the de-escalation of cardiovascular testing for athletes who have recovered from asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD. Continued follow-up of these athletes for sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 is critical.

    Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Myocardial Injury MESHD in the Initial Presentation of  SARS-CoV-2 Infection MESHD among Older Adults

    Authors: Isabel Arnau-Barres; Ana Pascual-Dapena; Inmaculada López-Montesinos; Silvia Gómez-Zorrilla; Luisa Sorli; Marta Herrero; Juan Pablo Horcajada; Xavier Nogues; Olga Vazquez; Natalia García-Giralt; Ramon Miralles; Robert Güerri-Fernández

    doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-134407/v1 Date: 2020-12-22 Source: ResearchSquare

    Myocardial involvement during SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD has been reported in many prior publications. Data about this condition in older adults is scarce especially its role in clinical prognosis. We aim to study the prevalence and the clinical implications of acute myocardial injury MESHD ( MIN MESHD) during SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD, particularly in older patients.MethodsLongitudinal observational study where all consecutive adult patients admitted to a COVID-19 MESHD unit between March to April 2020 were included. Those patients aged ≥65 were considered as older patients. MIN MESHD was defined as at least 1 high-sensitive troponin (hs- TnT HGNC) concentration above the 99th percentile upper reference limit with different sex-cutoff.ResultsAmong the 634 patients admitted during the period of observation 365(58%) had evidence of MIN MESHD (hs- TnT HGNC>14 pg/mL), and among those 224(61%) were older adults. Individuals with acute MIN MESHD were more prone to be older, had more comorbidities, more functional decline at admission, and higher inflammatory parameters. Among older adults, MIN MESHD was associated with longer time to recovery compared to those without MIN MESHD [13 days(IQR 6-21) vs 9 days(IQR 5-17);p<0.001 repectively. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in older adults with MIN MESHD at admission vs those without MIN MESHD [71(31%) vs 11(12%);p<0.001]. In a logistic regression model adjusting by age, sex, severity and Charlson comorbidity index the OR for in-hospital mortality was 2.1 (95% CI:1.02-4.42;p=0.043) among those older adults with MIN MESHD at presentation.ConclusionMIN is frequent in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection MESHD, especially in older adults and in patients with pre-existing comorbidities and with higher inflammatory levels. Older adults with acute myocardial injury MESHD had greater time to clinical recovery, more severe presentation of the disease and higher odds of in-hospital mortality.  

    Clinical features of COVID-19 MESHD patients with comorbid coronary heart disease MESHD

    Authors: Hang Yang; RUI GUO; Lincheng Yang; Ruitao Zhang; Yunpeng Ling; Qinggang Ge

    doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-129449/v1 Date: 2020-12-15 Source: ResearchSquare

    Background: In addition to the lungs, the coronavirus disease 2019 MESHD ( COVID-19 MESHD) also affects multiple organs throughout the body. The relationship between COVID-19 MESHD infection and cardiovascular disease MESHD, and the mechanisms by which this disease causes damage to the cardiovascular system are unclear. Coronary heart disease MESHD ( CHD MESHD) is one of the common comorbidities of COVID-19 MESHD, but there is insufficient evidence for its clinical features and impact on clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 MESHD patients with comorbid CHD MESHD and the possible risk factors for the occurrence of critical illness. Methods: A single-center, retrospective study was conducted to analyze COVID-19 MESHD patients admitted to the Sino-French New City Campus of Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province and treated by the Peking University National Medical Assistance Team between January 29 and March 10 HGNC, 2020. Patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal swab specimens and who had comorbid CHD MESHD, were included in the study. Clinical data and laboratory test results of eligible patients were collected, and the factors associated with the occurrence of critical illness among these patients were evaluated. Results: A total of 205 patients were enrolled in this study, including 20 CHD MESHD patients and 185 non- CHD MESHD patients. The mean age was 66.7 years. Compared to non- CHD MESHD patients, more CHD MESHD patients had comorbid hypertension MESHD and diabetes MESHD (P < 0.05). In terms of laboratory tests, the CHD MESHD group did not differ significantly from the non- CHD MESHD group in blood routine, blood chemistry, and various inflammatory cytokines. More CHD MESHD patients experienced myocardial injury MESHD (25% vs 8.1% P < 0.031) and CHD MESHD patients were more likely to progress to critical illness MESHD (40% vs 16.8%P = 0.012). Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that a history of CHD MESHD, occurrence of myocardial injury MESHD, high white blood cell (WBC) count, low lymphocyte count, and elevated levels of Cr, ferritin, IL-2R HGNC, IL-8 HGNC at admission were factors associated with the occurrence of critical illness. Multivariate regression analysis found that a history of CHD MESHD（OR=3.529, 95% CI =1.032-12.075, P =0.044），high WBC count（OR=1.289, 95% CI =1.136-1.463, P＜0.001） and low lymphocyte count（OR=0.215, 95% CI =0.075-0.616, P =0.004）were independent factors for the occurrence of critical illness among COVID-19 MESHD patients. Conclusion: COVID-19 MESHD patients with comorbid CHD MESHD commonly exhibited myocardial injury MESHD and were prone to developing critical illness. Among COVID-19 MESHD patients, a history of CHD MESHD，high WBC count and low lymphocyte count were independent risk factors for the occurrence of critical illness. Greater attention and vigilance are needed in this regard during clinical practice.

    Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Myocardial Injury and Arrhythmia in COVID-19 MESHD patients

    Authors: Hong Gang Ren; Xingyi Guo; Lei Tu; Qinyong Hu; Kevin Blighe; Luqman Bin Safdar; Justin Stebbing; Shepard D Weiner; Monte S Willis; Frits R Rosendaal; Guogang Xu; Feng Cao; Dao Weng Wang

    doi:10.1101/2020.11.30.20190926 Date: 2020-12-03 Source: medRxiv

    Background: Patients with COVID-19 MESHD can develop myocardial injury MESHD and arrhythmia MESHD during the course of their illness. However, the underlying risk factors for the development of cardiovascular related manifestations are unclear. Methods: Using a register-based multi-center cross-sectional design, we analyzed 80 patients with myocardial injury MESHD and 401 controls, as well as 71 patients with arrhythmia MESHD and 409 controls, all admitted with COVID-19 MESHD. Putative risk factors for myocardial injury MESHD and arrhythmia MESHD were evaluated with logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders. Results: COVID-19 MESHD patients with myocardial injury had fatigue MESHD (66.2%) and dyspnea MESHD (63.7%), while those with arrhythmia had dyspnea MESHD (71.8%). Patients with myocardial injury MESHD and arrhythmia MESHD had a significant mortality of 92.5% and 94.4%, respectively. A history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease MESHD ( COPD MESHD) or heart diseases MESHD was associated with an increased risk of myocardial injury MESHD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-3.71; OR = 7.43, 95% CI: 3.99-13.83) and arrhythmia MESHD (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.00-3.75; OR = 13.16, 95% CI: 6.75-25.68). In addition, we found that gamma glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) HGNC >50U/L (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.37-3.32; OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.19-2.85), serum creatinine >111mol/L (OR = 8.96, 95% CI: 4.4-18.23; OR = 3.71, 95% CI: 2.01-6.85), serum sodium <136 mmol/L (OR = 4.68, 95% CI: 2.46-8.91; OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.06-4.00) were all associated with increased risk of myocardial injury MESHD and arrhythmia MESHD, respectively. Conclusion: Our reported clinical characteristics and identified risk factors are important for clinical study of COVID-19 MESHD patients developing myocardial injury MESHD and arrhythmia MESHD.

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SARS-CoV-2 Proteins

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